Cardiovascular diseases cvds and respiratory disease resd were responsible for respectively 72% and 14% of these deaths. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. All in all, ambient outdoor and household indoor air pollution caused more than 6 million deaths from these diseases in 2012. Sensitive individuals are people who suffer from heart and lung diseases. Health effects of ambient air pollution in developing countries mdpi. The most susceptible people to air pollution are children 2 4and the elderly 58. This is a chronic disease in which inflammation is caused in the air passages of the human body and the person finds it difficult to breathe. Air pollution is controllable and, therefore, many of these adverse health effects. Ambient air pollution is the leading environmental health risk factor globally, resulting in nearly 3. Review indoor air pollution, related human diseases, and. Indoor air pollution, related human diseases, and recent trends in the control and improvement of indoor air quality vinh van tran 1,2, duckshin park 3, and youngchul lee 2, 1 institute of research and development, duy tan university, da nang 550000, vietnam.
Air pollution threatens the health of humans and other living beings in our planet. Secondhand smoke can increase the incidence of these diseases, as well as carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. Whoeurope noncommunicable diseases and air pollution 2019. But if you are concerned about air pollution, there is a free and easy to use service that allows you to. Transportation related air pollution, which is a significant contributor to total urban air pollution, increases the risks of cardiopulmonary related deaths and nonallergic respiratory disease. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. In several indian metro cities, air pollution is the primary trigger. The commission concluded that the worst forms of pollution and pollution related disease can be curbed in all countries by applying the proven technical and legal strategies that have successfully and costeffectively controlled pollution in highincome and, more recently, some middleincome countries. This executive summary is excerpted from hei special report 17, traffic related air pollution.
Air pollution and noncommunicable diseases chest journal. Globally, air pollution is responsible for about 25% of all adult deaths from stroke, 24% from heart disease, 43% from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd and 29% from lung cancer, the who estimates show. Find out how you can protect yourself if youre living with asthma. In this article, we have thoroughly discussed the types, causes and impacts of different pollutions affecting humankind. There is growing evidence that oxides of nitrogen nox, a. Over the past 10 years, a growing number of epidemiological studies have suggested that trap could be linked to hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Air pollution has been shown to be a factor in the development of all heart diseases, including heart attacks and strokes. Welcome to cdc stacks centers for disease control and. In terms of global disease burden, air pollution is the cause of over onethird of deaths from stroke, lung cancer, and chronic respiratory disease, and onequarter of deaths from ischaemic heart disease. Learn the facts about air pollution and how you can keep your heart healthy. Air pollution can make it harder for people with asthma and other respiratory breathing diseases to breathe.
Chronic exposure to urban air pollution affects lung function, increases the risk of cvd and lung cancer, alters immunity, induces dna and chromosomal damage and increases the prevalence of depression and neurobehavioral symptoms the changes were positively associated with pm 10 and pm 2. Diseases caused by air pollution greentumble air pollution july 20, 2018 take a breathersomething we do or suggest to others they do a few times a day to catch our breath after some exercise or to just take a break after some particularly stressful or hard activity. Pdf air pollution as a significant cause of diseases and. Air pollution centers for disease control and prevention. More than half of the global burden of disease from air pollution is borne. Some evidence supports an association of transportation related air pollution with increased risks of lung cancer, myocardial infarction, increased. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in the header. Many studies have reported that there are negative impacts on respiratory mortality and morbidity 2 4.
The health risks of breathing dirty air include respiratory infections and cardiovascular diseases, stroke, chronic lung disease and lung cancer. Most air pollutionrelated deaths are from heart disease and stroke, followed by chronic. Atopic and urticarial skin disease, acne, and skin aging are linked to air pollution. Health experts urge the government to develop a plan to improve air quality as about 45. The effect of industryrelated air pollution on lung.
Consequences of air pollution co 2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space, which produces the socalled greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the earth during the night. Air pollution diseases, causes and effects of air pollution. Data on air quality indicators is becoming increasingly available and the science underlying the related health impact is also evolving rapidly3. Air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Meanwhile, pollutionrelated diseases are attributed to exposure to toxins in the air, water, and soil. A significant body of research has shown that longterm exposure to fine particulate matter, known as pm 2. However, some groups of people are especially sensitive to common air pollutants such as particulates and groundlevel ozone. Heart disease, stroke and air pollution air research. It is responsible for more deaths than many betterknown risk factors such as malnutrition, alcohol use, and physical inactivity. Trafficrelated air pollution and hypertensive disorders. Sensitive populations include children, older adults, people who are active outdoors, and people with heart or lung diseases, such as asthma. Air pollution kills the most people in these countries.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases were linked to air pollution. Ambient air pollution in urban areas and indoor air pollution are associated with. In 2018, the third united nations highlevel meeting on ncds recognized household and outdoor air pollution as a risk factor for ncds, alongside. Air pollution is the second leading cause of deaths from noncommunicable diseases ncds, after tobaccosmoking. The clinical handbook of air pollution related diseases will greatly assist doctors. Traffic related air pollution is a significant contributor to ambient air pollution and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. Air plays a vital role not only in nature but also in the lives of human beings and all living organisms. Air pollution is the fifth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide.
Air pollution increases prevalence of hypertension. Air pollution, climate and health world health organization. Heart disease, stroke, and outdoor air pollutionexternal icon. Watch a short video about air quality changes, and learn what communities can do to prepare. Living organisms can survive without water for some time but cannot survive without air because when we breathe then we intake oxygen from air and releases carbon dioxide, if this procedure does not take. Integration for air quality and health september 21, 2016 air pollution and gastrointestinal diseases in utah melissa may maestas, almost ph. In the second section, the consequences of air pollution on health are documented. And these are the 10 countries with the highest air pollution related death tolls in 2016, according to the imhe data. Theory of environmental pollution is one among them. Exposure to air pollution is the ninth leading risk factor for cardiopulmonary mortality. Air pollution and its effects on health case studies, india. The global transportation sector is a major source of this health burden.
Conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd can be caused or triggered by rising levels of air pollution. It creates smog and acid rain, causes cancer and respiratory diseases, reduces the ozone layer atmosphere and. Epidemiological and related evidence implicates exposure to fine particulate matter pm 2. Both long and shortterm exposure to air pollution can cause cardiovascular diseases, respiratory dis. In 2018, the third united nations highlevel meeting on ncds recognized household and outdoor air pollution as a risk factor for ncds, alongside unhealthy diets, tobaccosmoking, harmful use of alcohol and physical inactivity. The world health organization who recognises air pollution as a leading risk factor for major chronic diseases in adults, including heart and lung disease as well as cancer. Air pollution related to traffic and chronic respiratory.
Pdf as covid19 spreads around the world, the level of uncertainty related to this infection remains high. Air pollution and gastrointestinal diseases in utah. This includes diseases caused by substance abuse, exposure to toxic chemicals, and physical factors in the environment, like uv radiation from the sun, as well as genetic predisposition. Six are also in the top 10 most populous nations in the world. A global snapshot of the air pollutionrelated health. Mortality risk and fine particulate air pollution in a. Exposure to polluted air not only worsens asthma and increases asthmarelated hospitalization rates, but also plays a role in the development of this respiratory condition.
Atmospheric pollution is a hazard factor for human health, even the level of air pollution is very low. Air pollution from energy production, transport, industry, agriculture and households is the number one environmental threat to health in europe and globally1. Air pollution is undoubtedly associated with a variety of diseases, and thus serves as an indirect cause of mortality. Climate change has potential to worsen levels of ambient air pollution and to aggravate the. Pdf causes, consequences and control of air pollution. Air pollution a leading cause of ncd deaths most air pollution related deaths are from noncommunicable diseases ncds. Heart disease, stroke, lung disease and cancers, are among the top five causes of death today, and onequarter to onethird of deaths from these diseases are due to air pollution according to the who estimates. Air pollution is also related to asthma, a condition in which the airways swell, narrow and produce extra mucus, making it difficult to breathe. Bcl2 is only one member of a large group of related proteins with conserved homology domains. This is one of the most common diseases that can affect the humans breathing in the polluted air. Air pollution and cardiovascular and respiratory disease.
Air pollution as a significant cause of diseases and premature death. Burden of disease attributable to major air pollution sources in india the air pollution challenge india has some of the highest levels of outdoor air pollution in the world. Epidemiology of air pollution related to traffic and asthma in africa in durban, one of the most polluted cities in south africa, it was shown that children in schools in southern durban had a higher prevalence of asthma than. Air pollution and heart disease research air pollution is known to cause a variety of health problems, including effects on the heart, nervous, and vascular system. These include stroke and heart disease, respiratory illness and cancers. The most comprehensive air pollution estimates available from both satellite and indian groundlevel measurements of fine particulate matter pm 2. Heart disease, stroke, and outdoor air pollution pdf 2 pp, 449 k. Ghanas disease burden attributable to air pollution related deaths increased substantially between 2012 and 2016. Air pollution, heavy industry, respiratory symptoms, lung function, school children background air pollution is a complex mixture of different gaseous and particulate components and can cause several health effects. The global burden of disease report 9 identified in 2012 that air pollution. The air is certainly a lot cleaner today than in the days of the smogs of the 1950s, when factory chimneys belched out smoke and nearly everyone had a coal fire. Environment and related topics have nowadays become very important for upsc, state pcs and other govt competitive exams. Asthma and outdoor air pollution epa pdf icon pdf 499 kb external icon.